TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 SCOPE 1.2 TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 1.2.1 Terms 1.2.2 Abbreviations 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 LAUNCH SYSTEM 2.2 PRODUCT ASSURANCE 2.3 SPACECRAFT 3. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS 3.1 MISSION LIFETIME AND RELIABILITY 3.1.1 Lifetime 3.1.2 Reliability 3.2 LAUNCH 3.3 NAVIGATION 3.3.1 Cruise Phase Maneuvers 3.3.2 Mapping Orbit Initiation 3.3.3 Orbit Maintenance 3.3.4 Maneuver Execution Errors 3.3.5 Spacecraft Ephemeris in the Mapping Orbit 3.3.5.1 Ephemeris Prediction 3.3.5.2 Ephemeris Reconstruction 3.3.6 Propellant Load 3.3.7 Maneuver Reconstruction Telemetry 3.3.8 Tracking Data 3.3.8.1 Antenna Phase Center Motion 3.3.9 Planetary Protection & Quarantine Orbit 3.4 OPERABILITY 3.4.1 Commands 3.4.1.1 Pre-Launch & Launch Phase 3.4.1.2 Emergency Commands 3.4.1.3 Time Criticality 3.4.2 Data Return 3.4.2.1 Launch Phase 3.4.2.2 Cruise and Orbit Insertion Phases 3.4.2.3 Mapping Phase 3.4.2.4 Relay 3.4.3 Engineering Data Requirements 3.4.3.1 Engineering Telemetry 3.4.3.2 Science Data Characterization 3.4.3.3 Health Assessment 3.4.3.4 Propellant 3.4.3.5 Memory Contents and Validation 3.4.3.6 Command Accountability 3.4.3.7 Emergency Telemetry 3.4.4 Autonomous Operations 3.4.4.1 Normal Autonomous 3.4.4.2 Autonomous Fault 3.4.4.3 Operation During Solar Conjunction 3.5 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS 3.5.1 Ground Operations and Handling 3.5.1.1 Particulate Contamination 3.5.1.2 Thermal/Humidity Environment 3.5.1.3 Ground Operations and Handling 3.5.1.4 Electromagnetic 3.5.1.5 Explosive Atmosphere 3.5.2 Launch 3.5.2.1 Dynamics 3.5.2.2 Thermal 3.5.2.3 Launch Pressure 3.5.2.4 Neutral Atomic Oxygen Contamination 3.5.2.5 Contamination 3.5.3 Cruise, Orbit Insertion, and Mapping Phases 3.5.3.1 Thermal 3.5.3.2 Solid Particles 3.5.3.3 Magnetic 3.5.3.4 Radiation and Single Event Effects 3.5.3.5 Electrostatic Charge and Discharge 3.5.3.6 Aerobraking 3.6 TESTABILITY 3.6.1 Spacecraft Testability 3.6.2 Government-Furnished Property Testability 3.7 DELTA COMPATIBILITY 3.8 LAUNCH SITE COMPATIBILITY 3.9 SAFETY 4. PAYLOAD DESCRIPTION AND ACCOMMODATION 4.1 GENERAL 4.2 MECHANICAL 4.2.1 Configuration 4.2.2 Orientation 4.2.3 Instrument Location 4.2.4 Mass and Volume 4.2.5 Fields of View 4.2.6 Payload Sun Avoidance 4.3 RADIO SCIENCE 4.3.1 RS Atmospheric Observation 4.3.1.1 Frequency Stability of Downlink Carrier 4.3.1.2 Spectral Purity 4.3.1.3 Amplitude Stability 4.3.2 RS Gravity Field Measurements 4.3.2.1 Spacecraft Contribution to Doppler Error 4.3.2.2 Spacecraft Telemetry 4.4 CHECKOUT AND CALIBRATION 4.4.1 Payload Cruise Engineering Checkout 4.4.2 Payload Calibration Requirements 4.4.2.1 Magnetometer Calibrations 4.4.2.2 Mars Obsever Camera Calibrations 4.4.2.3 Calibration Data Return in Cruise 4.5 INSTRUMENT POWER 4.5.1 Launch, Cruise, and Orbit Insertion Phase Power Requirements 4.5.2 Mapping Phase Power 4.5.3 Relay Phase Power 4.5.4 Transient Characteristics 4.6 INSTRUMENT THERMAL CONTROL 4.6.1 In-Flight Temperature Monitoring 4.7 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL 4.7.1 Magnetic and Electrostatic Fields 4.7.2 Payload Contamination Control 4.7.2.1 Nitrogen Purge Requirements 4.7.3 Microphonics 4.8 MARS RELAY REQUIREMENTS 5. SPACECRAFT SUBSYSTEM FUNCTIONS 5.1 GENERAL 5.2 COMMAND AND DATA HANDLING 5.2.1 Command Requirements 5.2.1.1 Real-Time Commands 5.2.1.2 Stored Sequence Commands 5.2.1.3 Command Rate and Format 5.2.1.4 Command Storage and Timing 5.2.1.5 Command Error Protection 5.2.1.6 Equator Crossing Command 5.2.2 Data Handling Requirements 5.2.2.1 Data Streams 5.2.2.2 Data Rates 5.2.2.3 Data Storage Capacity 5.2.2.4 Output Data Channel 5.2.2.5 Spacecraft Clock 5.2.2.6 Spacecraft Data Storage Management 5.2.3 Flight Software and Fault Protection 5.2.3.1 Flight Software Design 5.3 TELECOMMUNICATIONS 5.3.1 Receiving Requirements 5.3.1.1 Cruise, Orbit Insertion, Mapping and Relay Phases 5.3.1.2 Emergency Receiving Capability 5.3.2 Transmitting Requirements 5.3.2.1 DSN Initial Acquisition 5.3.2.2 Cruise and Orbit Insertion Transmitting Requirements 5.3.2.3 Mapping Transmitting Requirements 5.3.2.4 Emergency Telemetry Capability 5.3.2.5 Telemetry 5.3.2.6 Ka-Band Link Experiment 5.4 ATTITUDE AND ARTICULATION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM (AACS) 5.4.1 Orbital Reference Coordinate System 5.4.2 Pointing Control, Knowledge, and Stability 5.4.2.1 Instrument Pointing Control 5.4.2.2 Instrument Inertial Pointing Control 5.4.2.3 Instrument Pointing Knowledge 5.4.2.4 Instrument Pointing Stability 5.4.2.5 Antenna Pointing Control, Knowledge and Stability 5.5 POWER 5.5.1 Capability and Distribution 5.5.2 Power Requirements 5.5.2.1 Launch, Cruise, and Orbit Insertion Phase Power Requirements 5.5.2.2 Mapping and Relay Phase Power Requirements 5.5.3 External Power 5.5.4 Overload Protection 5.5.5 Grounding 5.6 THERMAL CONTROL 5.6.1 Capabilities 5.6.2 Distortions 5.7 STRUCTURE, CABLING, AND MECHANISMS 5.7.1 General Design Criteria 5.7.2 Mass 5.7.3 Alignments 5.8 PROPULSION AND PYROTECHNICS 5.8.1 Propulsion 5.8.2 Pyrotechnics Figures 3-1 Total OTM delta-V Requirement (Mapping and Relay Phases) 4-1 Mechanical Configuration Requirements: Magnetometer (MAG) 4-2 Mechanical Configuration Requirements: Electron Reflectometer (ER) 4-3 Mechanical Configuration Requirements: Mars Observer Camera (MOC) 4-4 Mechanical Configuration Requirements: Mars Observer Laser Altimeter (MOLA) 4-5 Mechanical Configuration Requirements: Mars Relay (MR) 4-6 Mechanical Configuration Requirements: Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) 4-7 Mechanical Configuration Requirements: Ultrastable Oscillator (USO) 5-1 Payload Data Subsystem Mechanical Configuration 5-2 Command / Data Flow Diagram 5-3 Cruise Minimum EIRP Requirements 5-4 Minimum EIRP vs. Data Rate 5-5 Orbital Reference Coordinate System Tables 3-1 Mapping Orbit Mean Elements 3-2 Maneuver Execution Error Limits 3-3 Mapping Orbit Ephemeris Prediction Errors 3-4 Mapping Orbit Ephemeris Reconstruction Errors 3-5 Navigation Tracking Requirements 3-6 Summary of Environmental Design Requirements 4-1 Mars Global Surveyor Payload 4-2 Payload Power Requirements 4-3 Instrument Application Point Temperature Limits 4-4 MOC Microphonics Limitations